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However, just how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative manner I like to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the more guesses you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is very hard to attain but quite easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve only entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining math issue. Therefore the difficulty of this mining process is actually self-adjusting to the gathered mining power the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get more difficult to solve the issue; when many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was reduced. As Bitcoin started to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.